Preparation of the surgical team

Background: A review of the preparation of the surgical team
Objectives: Explain the preparation of the surgical team
Methods: A literature review using various publications related to the preparation of the surgical team
Results: Surgical site infection is one of the most common cases and complications after a surgical procedure, which causes a lot of costs for the patient and the medical centers. Preparing the surgeon's hands is always one of the most important strategies to reduce surgical site infections and one of the most important medical procedures. The risk of surgical site infection arises not only from contact with the patient's natural flora, but also from the unintentional transmission of microorganisms from surgeons and operating room staff to the patient. Operating room personnel are one of the main factors that increase bacterial contamination of the surgical site. Sterile gloves are worn in the operating room as a primary barrier against such transmission. Although the prevalence of surgical site infections is attributed to organisms in the hair or on the scalp, no systematic study has been conducted to measure the number of bacteria in the environment when a head mask is worn or not, and there is no accurate information on whether it is effective or not. The use of a face mask during surgery does not have a significant effect on surgical site infection, but it does reduce the spread of bacteria in the operating room. It has been shown that increased foot traffic through the operating room has been demonstrated to increase ambient microbial levels and ensuing infection risk. Preparation of the surgeon's hand and forearm before entering the operating room plays an important role in reducing the rate of surgical site infections. Surgical gowns form a barrier between the surgical site and the skin of the surgical team, which is one of the most important factors in reducing infections in the surgical site.
Conclusions: Preparation of the surgical team is considered one of the most important methods of preventing surgical site infection, and all members of the surgical team must perform all the necessary measures.