patellar luxation in dogs
Subject Areas : Veterinary Soft and Hard Tissue Surgery
Alireza
Shaikhzadeh
1
(resident, department of clinical science, faculty of veterinary medicine, Shiraz university, Shiraz, Iran)
Amin
Bigham-Sadegh
2
(professor, department of clinical science, faculty of veterinary medicine, Shiraz university, Shiraz, Iran)
Keywords: medial patellar luxation, lateral patellar luxation, stifle, pelvic limb, dog, small breeds, canine,
Abstract :
Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic problem in dogs. Both large and small breed dogs may be affected; the disease may be seen in cats as well. Medial luxation is more common than lateral luxation and is usually diagnosed in dogs of small breed. patellar luxation based on severity of occurred changes divided to 4 different grades. Patellar luxation is a congenital/developmental disorder, but it could be secondary to traumatic accident causing tearing or stretching of the joint capsule and fascia, leading to femoropatellar instability. Diagnosis is based on clinical evidence of patellar instability; however, diagnostic imaging is required to assess the amount of skeletal deformity and then the most appropriate method of treatment. Clinical signs of dogs with patellar luxation can vary from animal to animal and are only partially related to the degree of concomitant skeletal deformities. Lameness may be intermittent or continuous, and usually is a mild-to-moderate weight bearing lameness with occasional lifting of the limb. Concurrent rupture of the CrCL has been reported in a study in 41% of the stifle joints of dogs with medial patellar luxation. Surgical options include both soft tissue and osseous techniques, however, in most of the cases, a combination of more procedures is used to achieve the correction of the luxation. Complication rate is generally low and the most common complications include reluxation and implant-associated complications. Prognosis is generally favorable, with most of the dogs returning to normal limb function. This article describes patellar luxation features in dogs, including clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options available
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