List of Articles Zahra Boluki

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  1 - Interventional (Experimental) Studies in Veterinary Research & Practice
  Alireza Bahonar Marzieh Faezi Zahra Boluki
  https://doi.org/10.61186/eltiamj.10.2.6
  Interventional studies , especially in laboratory experimental researches , constitute a significant portion of the theses conducted in veterinary faculties across the country . The importance of these study designs in applied research and development underscores More

  Interventional studies , especially in laboratory experimental researches , constitute a significant portion of the theses conducted in veterinary faculties across the country . The importance of these study designs in applied research and development underscores the necessity for students and researchers to be familiar with this design . This article begins with a brief history of this type of study . It then proceeds to introduce various types ( laboratory , clinical trials , field trials , social trials , quasi-experimental studies ) , the different phases of this design ( pharmacological and toxicity testing , initial testing for potential therapeutic and safety effects , clinical evaluation stage , post-marketing evaluation ) , and its various methods (parallel design , crossover design , sequential design , factorial design ) . This article also discusses the required sample size for conducting a study , criteria for entry and exit of study participants or animals , blinding and medical ethics . Given the importance of clinical trials , especially in terms of ethical considerations in research , the registration of this type of study after proposal development is also mentioned . This article refers to some examples of interventional studies published in Iran and worldwide so that students and researchers can use these designs as models . It is expected that the reader could critically read these type of articles and reports , published in scientific texts and play an effective role in conducting an experimental ( interventional ) study . Manuscript profile
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  2 - Observational Studies in Veterinary Research & Practice
  Alireza Bahonar Marzieh Faezi Zahra Boluki
  https://doi.org/10.61186/eltiamj.10.2.5
  One of the most important applications of epidemiology is the investigation of the causes of diseases. In this regard, the appropriate design of study to approach the causes and risk factors of a disease is vital. Observational studies are a category of studies that hel More

  One of the most important applications of epidemiology is the investigation of the causes of diseases. In this regard, the appropriate design of study to approach the causes and risk factors of a disease is vital. Observational studies are a category of studies that help the researcher in identifying risk factors for disease occurrence and quantifying the effect of these factors on it, thereby influencing its control within the population. These studies are conducted through observing the natural behavior of disease in the population. Accurate and precise data collection (a part that receives less attention in the country) forms the cornerstone of these studies, requiring special attention from educational, extension, and research centers. In this article, various types of observational studies are initially introduced in general terms. Subsequently, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies, as the three main types of observational studies, are comprehensively explained. The methods of grouping for study entry, calculation of minimum sample size, applications, and advantages and disadvantages of each study are described in detail. Additionally, the capabilities that each type of these studies provides to the researcher for interpreting the causality of the occurrence or the desired outcome in the study are provided at the end of each section. After introducing the implementation method of each study, depending on the case, references to three or four articles with similar study designs are provided to serve as examples of observational studies as a model. It should be noted that these types of studies are foundational for conducting intervention studies, and creating infrastructure for data recording and analysis is necessary for conducting these studies. Manuscript profile