تاثیر مواد معدنی بر سلامت سم
محورهای موضوعی : سایر علوم وابسته
فاطمه کهنسال
1
(دانشجو، گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد)
مرضیه فائزی
2
(دانشجو، گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران)
کلید واژه: سم, کراتینه شدن, مواد معدنی شلاته شده, مس, روی,
چکیده مقاله :
کیفیت سم به عنوان مجموعه‌ای از ویژگی‌های بافت شاخی سم، شکل سم و آناتومی و فیزیولوژی ساختار داخلی سم شناخته می‌شود و سلامت سم به نوبه خود با تولید بافت شاخی مقاوم و با کیفیت تعیین می‌شود. یکپارچگی عملکردی بافت شاخی سم اساساً به تمایز مناسب، یعنی کراتینه شدن سلول‌های اپیدرمی سم بستگی دارد. کنترل و تعدیل کراتینه شدن اپیدرم سم توسط انواع مولکول‌ها و هورمون‌ها صورت می‌گیرد. این فرآیند به تامین مناسب مواد مغذی از جمله ویتامین‌ها، مواد معدنی و عناصر کمیاب بستگی دارد. تنظیم و کنترل تمایز و جریان مواد مغذی به سلول‌های اپیدرمی نقش اساسی در تعیین کیفیت و در نتیجه یکپارچگی عملکردی بافت شاخی سم دارد. کاهش عرضه مواد مغذی به سلول‌های اپیدرمی کراتینه‌کننده منجر به تولید بافت شاخی با کیفیت پایین‌تر و افزایش حساسیت آن به آسیب‌های شیمیایی، فیزیکی یا میکروبی محیط می‌شود. شواهد زیادی نشان می‌دهد که هورمون‌ها، ویتامین‌ها، مواد معدنی و عناصر کمیاب نقش مهمی در رشد طبیعی بافت شاخی سم و تشکیل صحیح کراتین دارند. افزایش فراهمی زیستی مواد معدنی کمیاب، استفاده از آنها را بهبود می‌بخشد و می‌تواند به بهبود یکپارچگی بافت‌های کراتینه شده کمک کند.
The claw quality is a product of claw shape, characteristics of the horn and anatomy of the inner structure. Hoof health is largely determined by the production of good quality horn of adequate resistance. The functional integrity of hoof horn essentially depends on a proper differentiation, i.e., keratinization of hoof epidermal cells. Keratinization of hoof epidermis is controlled and modulated by a variety of bioactive molecules and hormones. This process is dependent on an appropriate supply of nutrients including vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. Regulation and control of differentiation and nutrient flow to the epidermal cells play a central role in determining the quality and, consequently, the functional integrity of hoof horn. Decreasing nutrient supply to keratinizing epidermal cells leads to horn production of inferior quality and increased susceptibility to chemical, physical, or microbial damage from the environment. A growing body of evidence suggests that hormones, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements play critical roles in the normal development of claw horn and correct keratin formation. Increasing the bioavailability of trace minerals improves their utilization and thus contributes to an improved integrity of keratinized tissues.
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